The Jyotirlingas in India are among the most sacred and spiritually powerful Shiva temples, each with its own unique story, location, and energy.
A pilgrimage to these twelve Jyotirlingas is believed to help seekers move closer to moksha, or spiritual liberation, while also experiencing deep inner peace.
In this complete guide, you’ll discover where these Jyotirlingas are located, the stories behind them, and helpful travel tips if you’re planning to visit.
Let’s begin with the meaning of Jyotirlinga and what makes them so special.
12 Jyotirlingas in India: Sacred Shiva Temples That Awaken the Soul and Mind
In Sanskrit, “Jyoti” means light, and “Linga” means symbol or mark. A Jyotirlinga is a sacred shrine where Lord Shiva is said to have appeared as a pillar of light, representing his formless and infinite nature.
These shrines are not only spiritual energy centers but also rich with mythology and devotion.
Hindus believe that visiting the 12 Jyotirlingas with sincerity and faith can clear negative karma, heal emotional pain, and open the path toward divine connection.
List of 12 Jyotirlingas in India
Below is a detailed look at each Jyotirlinga — including location, the story behind it, and travel tips to make your spiritual journey easier.
1. Somnath – Gujarat
Location: Veraval, Gujarat
Story: Somnath is believed to be the first among the Jyotirlingas. The legend says the Moon God (Chandra) worshipped Shiva here to regain his radiance.
Travel Tip: Visit during sunset for a breathtaking view. Nearby attractions include Diu and the Somnath beach promenade.
2. Mallikarjuna – Andhra Pradesh
Location: Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh
Story: This temple symbolizes the divine presence of both Shiva and Parvati. It is also one of the Shakti Peethas, making it a powerful place for couples and families.
Travel Tip: Surrounded by forests and the Krishna River, it’s perfect for combining spiritual peace with nature walks.
3. Mahakaleshwar – Madhya Pradesh
Location: Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh
Story: Shiva is worshipped here as Mahakal, the lord of time and death. The lingam is said to have appeared on its own (Swayambhu).
Special Ritual: Attend the early morning Bhasma Aarti, where Shiva is worshipped with sacred ash.
Travel Tip: Ujjain is also famous for the Kumbh Mela and has well-connected rail and road access.
4. Omkareshwar – Madhya Pradesh
Location: On Mandhata Island in the Narmada River
Story: This island is naturally shaped like the sacred symbol OM. The temple reflects the power of sound and creation.
Travel Tip: Take a boat ride to the island. The river views during sunrise and sunset are peaceful and deeply meditative.
5. Baidyanath – Jharkhand
Location: Deoghar, Jharkhand
Story: According to legend, Ravana worshipped Shiva here to gain power, offering each of his ten heads. Pleased with his devotion, Shiva appeared as the “Divine Healer” or Baidyanath.
Travel Tip: Best visited during the Shravan month. Deoghar is accessible by train and bus, with plenty of dharmashalas for stay.
6. Bhimashankar – Maharashtra
Location: Sahyadri Hills, Pune district
Story: It is believed that Shiva took the form of Bhimashankar to defeat the demon Bhima. The temple sits amidst thick forests and hills.
Travel Tip: Ideal for those who enjoy spiritual treks and wildlife. The nearby Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary is worth visiting.
7. Kedarnath – Uttarakhand
Location: Garhwal Himalayas, Uttarakhand
Story: After the Mahabharata war, the Pandavas sought forgiveness from Shiva here. Kedarnath is one of the most sacred and remote Jyotirlingas.
Travel Tip: Reach by a 17 km trek from Gaurikund. The temple opens from April/May to November, and in winter, the idol is worshipped at Ukhimath.
8. Rameshwaram – Tamil Nadu
Location: Rameswaram Island, Tamil Nadu
Story: Lord Rama worshipped Shiva here after defeating Ravana to absolve the sin of war. It is also one of the Char Dham pilgrimage sites.
Travel Tip: The Ramanathaswamy Temple has 22 holy wells (tirthas) for ritual bathing. This is a must-visit for both spiritual and architectural beauty.
9. Nageshwar – Gujarat
Location: Near Dwarka, Gujarat
Story: Shiva is believed to have protected a devotee here from a powerful demon. The temple represents protection from fear and negative forces.
Travel Tip: Combine your visit with Dwarkadhish Temple and Bet Dwarka to complete the Krishna and Shiva pilgrimage circuit.
10. Kashi Vishwanath – Uttar Pradesh
Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Story: One of the most iconic temples of India, Kashi Vishwanath is believed to grant moksha to those who die in Varanasi.
Travel Tip: Attend the Ganga Aarti at Dashashwamedh Ghat. The spiritual energy in Varanasi is unmatched, especially during early morning boat rides on the river.
11. Trimbakeshwar – Maharashtra
Location: Nashik, Maharashtra
Story: This temple has a unique linga with three faces symbolizing Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. It is also the source of the Godavari River.
Travel Tip: Visit during Kumbh Mela for a grand spiritual experience. Nearby vineyards and wellness centers make it a complete retreat.
12. Grishneshwar – Maharashtra
Location: Near Ellora Caves, Aurangabad
Story: A devoted woman named Kusuma worshipped Shiva here, and he appeared to bless her after her trials. This is the smallest of the Jyotirlingas but holds deep spiritual importance.
Travel Tip: Combine your visit with Ellora Caves and Daulatabad Fort for a blend of history and devotion.
Travel Tips for Visiting Jyotirlingas in India
Here are practical tips if you’re planning your Jyotirlinga yatra:
Best Time to Travel
- October to March is ideal for most locations due to cooler weather.
- Shravan month, Mahashivratri, and Kartika Purnima are the most spiritually active periods.
- Kedarnath and Himalayan temples are seasonal and open only during specific months.
What to Pack
- Comfortable traditional clothes
- Walking shoes for temple and trek visits
- ID proof and photocopies for accommodation
- Reusable water bottle and basic medicines
- A small pouch for puja items (flowers, rudraksha, vibhuti)
Common Rituals
- Abhishekam: Pouring water, milk, or ghee on the linga
- Bilva leaf offering
- Darshan and Pradakshina (circumambulating the sanctum)
- Vrat (fasting) during Mondays or special days like Shivratri
Accommodation and Food
- Many temples offer dharmashalas and ashrams for free or low-cost stays.
- Local food is mostly vegetarian near temples.
- In some places, you can volunteer for annadanam (free food distribution).
Things to Avoid
- Photography inside sanctums
- Loud talking or using mobile phones near the deity
- Disrespecting local customs or temple staff
- Wearing shoes inside the temple compound
Conclusion
The 12 Jyotirlingas in India are more than sacred spots—they are touchpoints of divine energy, personal transformation, and spiritual clarity.
Whether you’re visiting for faith, inner peace, or simply to experience the cultural beauty of India, each Jyotirlinga offers something profound.
As you move from the shores of Somnath to the peaks of Kedarnath, from the sacred rivers of Omkareshwar to the vibrant lanes of Varanasi, you’re not just traveling through geography—you’re walking a path of devotion, gratitude, and discovery.
Let your journey to these holy Shiva temples guide you inward, helping you find the light you’ve always carried within.
If you’re planning your own Jyotirlinga pilgrimage, let this complete guide help you prepare, understand, and experience the blessings of these powerful sacred sites.
FAQs
What are the 12 Jyotirlingas in India?
The 12 Jyotirlingas in India are sacred Shiva temples where Lord Shiva is said to have appeared as a pillar of light. These shrines include Somnath, Mallikarjuna, Mahakaleshwar, Omkareshwar, Kedarnath, and others, each representing deep spiritual significance.
Where are the 12 Jyotirlingas located in India?
The 12 Jyotirlingas are spread across India in the states of:
Gujarat (Somnath, Nageshwar)
Maharashtra (Bhimashankar, Trimbakeshwar, Grishneshwar)
Madhya Pradesh (Mahakaleshwar, Omkareshwar)
Jharkhand (Baidyanath)
Andhra Pradesh (Mallikarjuna)
Tamil Nadu (Rameshwaram)
Uttar Pradesh (Kashi Vishwanath)
Uttarakhand (Kedarnath)
Why are the Jyotirlingas considered sacred?
Jyotirlingas are considered sacred because they represent Lord Shiva’s divine form as light. Devotees believe that worshipping at these shrines removes karma, grants peace, and leads toward moksha (liberation).
Can I visit all 12 Jyotirlingas in one trip?
Yes, you can plan a complete Jyotirlinga yatra, but it takes time and planning due to different locations across India. Some travel agencies offer structured tours covering all 12 temples.
Which is the first Jyotirlinga in India?
Somnath in Gujarat is considered the first Jyotirlinga. It is believed to be the place where Lord Shiva first appeared as a column of light.
What is the best time to visit Jyotirlingas in India?
October to March is ideal due to pleasant weather. For spiritual significance, visit during Mahashivratri, Shravan month, or temple-specific festivals. Kedarnath is open only from April/May to November.
Do all Jyotirlingas have the same spiritual value?
Yes, all 12 Jyotirlingas hold equal spiritual importance. Each represents a unique story, energy, and aspect of Shiva, guiding the devotee through different life lessons.
Are women allowed to visit all 12 Jyotirlingas?
Yes, women can visit all Jyotirlingas. However, some temples may have specific rules about entering the inner sanctum during particular times. It’s best to check local temple guidelines before visiting.
How long does it take to complete the Jyotirlinga yatra?
It depends on your route and travel speed. A full circuit may take 3 to 5 weeks. Many devotees visit Jyotirlingas in phases over time, based on region and accessibility.
Is photography allowed in Jyotirlinga temples?
Photography is usually restricted inside the inner sanctum (garbhagriha) of Jyotirlinga temples. In some places, you can take pictures in the outer premises. Always follow temple-specific rules.
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Vidushi Gupta is an accomplished writer and digital marketing expert with contributions to organizations like Miles Educomp and ICAI. She has authored nearly ten novels and worked as a Senior Content Writer and Digital Marketing Specialist at ESS Global and Shabd. Her Quora posts have amassed almost 20 million views, reflecting her belief in the transformative power of the written word.
